闻官军收河南河北

**Historical Context**: The An Lushan Rebellion (755–763) devastated China, displacing millions. The 763 recapture of Henan and Hebei, where Du Fu grew up, ended a decade of suffering. **Cultural Significance**: Du Fu’s realism distinguished him as a 'poet sage,' his works chronicling Tang dynasty decline. His style, 'sorrowful yet majestic,' influenced generations. **Social Background**: Post-rebellion China faced economic collapse; the poem reflects collective relief. **Personal Experience**: Du Fu had fled Chang’an, witnessed war’s horrors, and lived in exile. The news reignited his will to return. **Creation Purpose**: To channel joy into art, blending personal relief with national healing. **Artistic Features**: Rapid emotional shifts, spatial sequence (Baxia→Wuxia→Xiangyang→Luoyang), and colloquial language create urgency. The poem’s tight structure and vivid verbs (e.g., 'soaked,' 'wild') make it universally relatable, showcasing Du Fu’s mastery of mood and rhythm.